能量单位换算

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换算公式

$1 \texttt{cal} \equiv 4.184 \texttt{J}$

$1\ \texttt{hartree} = 27.211386245988(53) \texttt{eV}$

Elementary charge: $e = 1.602176634 \times 10^{-19}\ \texttt{C}$ , Planck constant: $h = 6.62607015 \times 10^{-34} \texttt{J}\cdot \texttt{s}$ , $1 \texttt{volt} = 1 \texttt{J} \cdot \texttt{C}^{\texttt{-1}}$ :

$\begin{align} 1 \texttt{eV} &= \left( 1.602176634 \times 10^{-19} \texttt{C} \right) \times \left( 1 \texttt{J} \cdot \texttt{C}^{\texttt{-1}}\right) \\ &= 1.602176634 \times 10^{-19} \texttt{J} \end{align}$

(joule per electron)

Avogadro's constant: $N_{A} = 6.02214076 \times 10^{23} \texttt{mol}^\text{-1}$ :

$\begin{align} 1 \texttt{eV} &= \frac{\left( 1.602176634 \times 10^{-19} \texttt{J} \right) \times \left( 6.02214076 \times 10^{23} \texttt{mol}^\texttt{-1}\right)}{10^{3}} \\ &= 96.485332 \texttt{kJ} \cdot \texttt{mol}^\texttt{-1} \end{align}$

for $\nu = 1 \texttt{Hz}$ :

$\begin{align} E &= h \nu \\ &= \left( 6.62607015 \times 10^{-34} \texttt{J}\cdot \texttt{s} \right) \times \left( 1 \texttt{s}^\texttt{-1} \right) \\ &= 6.62607015 \times 10^{-34} \texttt{J} \end{align}$

(joule per particle)

$\begin{align} E & = (6.62607015 \times 10^{-34}\ \texttt{J}) \times (6.02214076 \times 10^{23}\ \texttt{mol}^\texttt{-1}) \\ & = 3.990312712 \times 10^{-10} \ \texttt{ J}\cdot \texttt{mol}^{\texttt{-1}} \end{align}$

(joule per mole)

$\begin{align} \frac{1}{\lambda} &= \frac{\nu}{c} \\ &= \frac{ 1\ \texttt{s}^{\texttt{-1}} }{ 299792458 \times 10^2\ \texttt{cm}\cdot \texttt{s}^{\texttt{-1}} } \\ &= 3.335640951 \times 10^{-11}\ \texttt{cm}^{\texttt{-1}} \end{align}$

Boltzmann constant: $k_{B} = 1.380649\times 10^{-23} \texttt{J} \cdot \texttt{K}^\texttt{-1}$ , $E = k_{B} T$ , for 1Hz:

$\begin{align} T &= \frac{E}{k_B} \\ &= \frac {6.62607015 \times 10^{-34}\ \texttt{J}}{1.380649\times 10^{-23}\ \texttt{J}\cdot \texttt{K}^{\texttt{-1}}} \\ &= 4.799243073 \times 10^{-11}\ \texttt{K} \end{align}$